大型城(cheng)市(shi)湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)通常(chang)是城(cheng)市(shi)的(de)景觀(guan)核心(xin)。構建(jian)完善的(de)濕生和水(shui)(shui)生生態(tai)系統，利用水(shui)(shui)生植物(wu)、水(shui)(shui)生動物(wu)、水(shui)(shui)生微(wei)生物(wu)對水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)的(de)氮磷進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)吸(xi)收、固定、逐(zhu)級(ji)轉移(yi)出水(shui)(shui)體，對有(you)機(ji)物(wu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)好氧(yang)和厭氧(yang)分解，使得水(shui)(shui)體恢復自然凈化功能，達(da)到優良水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)。對補充水(shui)(shui)視(shi)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)情況采用前(qian)置庫、生態(tai)塘、構造(zao)濕地進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凈化，盡量降低補充水(shui)(shui)對湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)的(de)污(wu)染。對湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)某些水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)要求特別高的(de)支(zhi)端(duan)，可(ke)以采用構造(zao)濕地進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)強化凈化，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步提(ti)高水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)。對老(lao)湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)，在進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)處(chu)理前(qian)，應進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)清淤和底質(zhi)處(chu)理。